Sustainability, security of supply, economic efficiency, and public acceptance are key success factors of the energy transition. The low-voltage grid plays a crucial role as the interface between generation and consumption, making the transformation visible at the local level. 

Challenges for distribution system operators
Michael Böhm, Erlanger Stadtwerke AG, Erlangen
The expansion of renewable and decentralized generation, along with the integration of storage systems, heat pumps, and charging infrastructure, is placing new demands on distribution grids. Originally designed for unidirectional energy flow, the grid is evolving into an active system with bidirectional flows. This shift creates technical, regulatory, and operational challenges, particularly regarding voltage quality, grid stability, and system operation. 

Energy transition and grid-supportive operation as a joint task
Timo Wagner, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
The project “Energy Optimization at System Level” (EOS) develops digital solutions for challenges in the low-voltage grid. It is based on advanced metering technologies and a digital twin of a residential district that integrates both technical systems and user behavior. The aim is to develop concepts for a stable, efficient, and grid-supportive operation.